What clearly are halogens?
The term halogens refers to five different substances. These are nonmetal elements in Periodic Table Group 17. Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine are examples of these elements.
Halogen free cable meaning
Halogen-free cables are exactly what their name implies—they don't include any halogen in their plastic construction. The chemical components in the names of halogen-containing plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, fluoroethylene propylene, fluoropolymer rubber, etc., can be used to identify them.
Make sure the electrical cables are made of plastics like silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), or ethylene propylene diene rubber if you want to utilize or are required to use halogen-free cables. They don't have any stabilizers or softeners made with heavy metals, and the flame protection additives are environmentally friendly.
Halogen free cable advantages
Halogen-free cables are devoid of highly reactive substances like bromine, fluorine, iodine, and chlorine. There are several advantages over traditional PVC-insulated wires in the event of a fire. No harmful or corrosive gases, which could endanger people or structures, are emitted in a fire when using halogen-free cables. In comparison to PVC cables, a risky elimination of combustion gases including halogens can be disregarded. PVC cables cannot be utilized at temperatures higher than those of halogen-free wires.
Igus employs halogen-free cables with jackets composed of PUR (polyurethane elastomers) and TPE in addition to halogen-containing PVC cables (thermoplastic elastomers). These are produced in compliance with DIN EN 60754 and meet the criteria for halogen-free products.
Where can you find halogen-free cables?
Halogen-free wires should always be used, especially in areas where there is a higher risk of fire. Therefore, the absence of halogen eliminates a potentially dangerous source of hazard if an electric wire is utilized in an area with a higher risk of fire. For this reason, specifications make it crystal clear that only halogen-free cables should be used in certain situations.
Fire safety and limitation of damage
During a fire, halogen-containing materials emit corrosive and toxic gases. The corrosive gases can damage (electronic) equipment and the like. This was a major focus at communication and data centres and telecommunication organisations. Here, they work with expensive high-tech devices. In 1988, the Bell Telephone Company in Illinois was hit by a fire. In addition to the fact that 35,000 people were unable to make calls, the company suffered a loss of millions of dollars. Their equipment was not destroyed by the fire but was irreparably damaged by the corrosive gases.
The toxic gases are a major hazard in enclosed spaces. Take the example of Kings Cross or, more recently, a similar catastrophe in 2003 in a South Korean subway station where 120 people died. The toxic gases reduce the chance of escape. Upon inhalation, it will quickly affect the human body and result in death.
What is the significance of halogen-free cables in fire protection?
Halogens are harmful to humans. This is especially true when halogenated plastics, particularly PVC, catch fire. When a fire breaks out, the plastic emits hydrogen halides. Halogens react with water, such as extinguishing water or mucous membrane fluid, to form acids - chlorine becomes hydrochloric acid, fluorine the highly corrosive hydrofluoric acid. A mixture of dioxins and other highly toxic chemicals can also form. They can cause damage and suffocation if they get into the airways. Even if someone survives the fire, their health may suffer long-term consequences. This is not the case with halogen-free cables.
Cables should have flame protection and low smoke generation for integrated fire protection. Flame protection slows combustion and flame propagation and promotes self-extinguishment. Manufacturers are caught in a bind because chlorine and bromine are excellent flame retardants, which is why they are frequently mixed into plastics for cables. However, due to the health risks mentioned, this is contentious and is only permitted in areas where no people are in danger. As a result, LAPP employs materials with high flame resistance but no halogens.
Is PVC cable free of halogens?
Because it contains chlorine, PVC, or polyvinyl chloride, is not a halogen-free material.
Halogen-free materials for cables
All types of wire can be made from a variety of halogen-free materials. EVA, Polyamides, EPR, EPDM, PE, PP, SHF1 and SHF2 are examples. All about SHF1 and SHF2 can be found in the blog "SHF1 and SHF2 outer jackets according to NEK 606'.
Polyethylene (PE) - This synthetic material has good electrical properties, which means it is well-insulating. The material is not particularly flexible, but it can be made more flexible by varying the molecular density. PE is a stiff material that is stronger and harder than PP when the density is high. It is resistant to moisture, low temperatures, and aging.
Polypropylene (PP) - is similar to PE in many ways, particularly in terms of electrical properties. PP is tougher than PE but more flexible, especially when combined with ethylene. In most cases, PP is used as an insulation material. Because it is a harder material than PE, a thinner insulation layer can be used.
Types of halogen insulation cables
300/500 V and 450/750 V Halogen-Free, Flame-Proof Installation Cables
USED Places:
They are used in high-risk areas such as business and shopping centers, hotels, schools, tunnels with a high concentration of people, pipes under the plaster, and cable ducts on the plaster. These cables protect people and property by not transmitting flames and generating a dense smoke layer during a fire.
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450/750 V Halogen Free, Flame Resistant Installation Cables
USED LOCATIONS:
They are utilized in places where there is a fire risk, such as hotels, schools, tunnels, commercial and shopping centers, and areas where there is a high concentration of people. By preventing the transmission of the flame and the creation of a thick smoke layer during a fire, these cables ensure the safety of people and property.
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300/500 V & 450/750 V Halogen Free, Flameproof Flexible Installation Cables
USED LOCATIONS:
They are employed in places that are at risk of fire, such as hotels, schools, tunnels, commercial and shopping complexes, and areas with a high concentration of people. They are also utilized on plastered pipes and in cable ducts. By not transferring the flame and not producing a thick smoke layer during a fire, these wires guarantee the safety of people and property.
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300/300 V, 300/500 V Halogen Free, Flame Retardant Flexible Installation Cables
USED Places:
They are employed in places that are at risk of fire, such as hotels, schools, tunnels, commercial and shopping complexes, and areas with a high concentration of people. They are also utilized on plastered pipes and in cable ducts. By not transferring the flame and not producing a thick smoke layer during a fire, these wires guarantee the safety of people and property.
For more details, please click here
300/500 V Halogen Free, Flame Resistant Installation Cables
USED Places:
Due to its non-transmitting fire and suffocating gas capabilities as a result of its structure in dry, humid, and steamy settings in fixed installations where there is no mechanical stress, it is employed in locations with significant human traffic.
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